Thursday, August 27, 2020

The motivation behind the september 11th attacks Essays - Crime

The inspiration driving the september eleventh assaults 08528050 December 17, 2016 Sheafer Trenary Point of view of Homeland Security1000000 December 17, 2016 Sheafer Trenary Point of view of Homeland Security Fear based oppressor assaults on American soil preceding 9/11 from another nation was the primary World Trade Center assault on February 26, 1993. This assault was not seen as a reminder to that time . The assault in 1993 was huge regarding misfortune it had little effect on the United States of America. Already, Middle Eastern psychological oppressors had arranged assaults against American interests in different pieces of the world. In October 2000, al-Qaeda fear mongers assaulted the USS Cole In Aden Harbor, and Yemen. The fear based oppressors moved toward the boat in a little vessel and detonated a bomb once they were near the boat. The blast brought about 17 mariners being murdered and 39 others harmed. On August 7,1998, al-Qaeda utilized vehicle bombs to a ttack the U.S. international safe havens in Dares Salaam , Tanzania, and Kenya. Osama receptacle Laden assumed acknowledgment for the bombings, expressing that they were a reaction to the American attack of Somali (Wright 200 6). The Deadliest fear based oppressor assault on Americans before the assaults on 9/11 happened in 1998 when psychological oppressors planted explosives on Pan Am Flight 103 leaving London's air terminal bound for New York. The B oeing 747 slammed in Lockerbie, Scotland. All travelers on and team on the flights were executed. The Attacks on 9/11 were indicted by an outside fear based oppressor bunch that had worldwide standing, backing, financing, and history of assaulting Americans. The 9/11 assaults brought about new deduction at all degrees of the legislature. President George W. Shrub Immediately did battle and pronounced a war on fear mongering. The Bush organization pushed forward the possibility that Sadaam Hussein, the pioneer of Iraq, was gathering weapons of mass devastation and would give them fear based oppressors to assault the United States. At the point when the assaults on 9/11 happened, America was defenseless against assault, however was ill-equipped to forestall it. In the Commission Report by alluding to page147 of the report which says, By his own Account, Khalid Sheik Mohammed's animus toward the US stemmed not from his encounters there as an understudy, but instead from his vicious conflict with U.S. international strategy preferring Israel. In a meeting with Bin Laden in 1997 Bin Laden stated, we pronounced jihad against the U.S. government, in light of the fact that the U.S government is out of line, Criminal and oppressive. It has carried out acts that are amazingly unjustifiable, ugly and criminal whether straightforwardly liable for the individuals who were slaughtered in Palestine, Lebanon and Iraq. The framework of the 9/11 plot, Staff explanation no. 16, from the 9/11 commission: Atta was picked as the emir, or pioneer, of the mission. He met with Bin Ladin to talk about the objectives: The World Trade Center, which spoke to the U.S. economy; the pentagon, an image of the U.S. military; and the U.S. State house, the apparent wellspring of U.S. strategy on the side of Israel. Country Securtiy , Larry K Gaines and Victor E. Kappeler distributed 2012 http://www.dailykos.com/story/2006/9/9/244452/ -

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Technological Development

The basic role off gas veil is to keep destructive gases or toxic material from getting to the lungs and assaulting the individual. It doesn't convey its own oxygen flexibly, however wipes out the particles. They can likewise shield the face from any connection toxic substances or gases. Machine Guns:Until the automatic weapon was made, we just had rifles which was moderate. You could just shoot each projectile in turn and afterward you needed to stack another shot into the chamber utilizing the jolt. At the point when you utilized the jolt, it would decline the expended holder shell and burden the following one into the chamber. This must be accomplished for each shot discharged, and was bulky and required some serious energy. The assault rifle is intended to fire consistently several ammo for every moment. The result it had been was to execute a great deal of officers and definitely like never before could be murdered by warriors furnished with rifles.An extra thing that help makin g the automatic weapon so powerful was with the manner in which the fighters were prepared to welcome assault on the objective. Every one of them would run toward the waves. This was in actuality implies when the foe was just outfitted with rifles where you needed to intend to shoot the adversary. In any case, when a multitude of running men experienced automatic rifles they were cut down easily. These specific capability may even have even had an influence of finishing the war. Phone: The point of the symphonious message is to distinguishably associate with individuals ho are without reach straightaway.Before the phone, significant distance messages were through message machines that were less proficient and took more time to get messages across on the grounds that solitary dabs and runs at the time could be imparted. Phones are transcendently utilized for quick correspondence and emergencies. The fundamental thing to clinical endurance in numerous awful conditions is for the injur ed individual to get clinical help rapidly. In those prior days when the phone wasn't developed, it was difficult for individuals to get help rapidly. Phones take into consideration fast inoculation during typical calamities as well.That way it is likely for the legislature to offer notice to individuals of approaching fiasco before they come. The phone likewise has the capacity of simple discussion in normal day's conditions like calling to arrange things, for example, pies, taxis, pizza or blossoms. Individuals may talk in a standard manner to examine their lives Just as they would in the event that they were at similar spots. Radio: radio came out when TVs didn't exist, yet it was utilized in a comparative capacity as we utilize a TV at present, such as being mindful to parody shows and music.When the TV was made, the radio lost its acclaim and notoriety because of people supported the TV more. Be that as it may, radios were helpful that they turned out to be for the most part ut ilized essentially for music shows and talking. Also, that their motivation these days. In this day and age radio is free and this is something worth being thankful for in light of the fact that we are typically paying for a type of diversion. Also, on the off chance that you are driving you can turn on the radio and get refreshed news on car influxes or being keeping watch and music that you can appreciate while driving.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Service Paper For All Different Needs

Service Paper For All Different NeedsWhen it comes to using paper for many different items, some people simply do not think about what type of paper will work best for them. They may end up going with an item that they do not like because they cannot find the color or texture they want on the paper. The important thing is that you do what will give you the most success and will result in your order being delivered on time and in a proper condition.One option you can go with when it comes to using paper is to order it online. This allows you to get the paper you need, without ever having to leave your home. When it comes to ordering service paper online, it is important to ensure that you are doing so from a reputable vendor.Once you have decided which type of paper you are going to order, there are a few other things you will want to consider. Some of these things include the thickness of the paper, the price of the paper, and what the seller says about the quality of the paper. Ther e are many factors to consider when it comes to using this type of paper, and if you end up ordering online you will want to make sure that you have taken some time to do some research into each one of them.When it comes to thick paper, there are a few options that you can go with. Some people prefer paper that is simply thicker, while others prefer a thinner variety. Some people prefer to go with a thicker variety because they can typically use more of the item in their own office or home, where a thinner variety may be too thick.There are many different uses for this paper. There are many people who use this paper to print the name of their business, or even the address of their business. Some people will use this paper for envelopes, while others may use it for notices.The price of the paper also differs, and there are many ways that you can lower the price of this paper. Depending on the manufacturer, you may be able to get a discount when it comes to pricing. Many companies use a standard weight of paper, so it is very common to find this option when shopping online.The thickness of the paper also varies between manufacturers. As a result, the thickness of the paper will vary as well. It is important to take a look at the thickness of the paper you are looking at when you are deciding how much you are willing to pay for it.The main thing to remember when shopping for service paper is that you want to be sure that you are purchasing a product that is right for you. You want to ensure that the customer that you are dealing with is professional and has a reputation for offering you quality products. If you take the time to do your research before you order online, you should have no problems finding a service paper option that will give you the results you want.

Monday, May 25, 2020

Physical Journey - 2166 Words

Section III: Essay Focus – Physical Journeys How do the texts that you have studied explore the assumptions underlying the concept of the physical journey? There are many assumptions about what a physical journey is. On one level, it is simply the movement from and origin to a new area known as the destination. The underlying concept however is much more detailed on a personal level. Physical journeys essentially begin with a catalyst, trigger, course that gives a person or people a reason to venture. These are filled with many challenges and obstacles that require the inner power of the person or group to overcome these problems, such as the power of courage and determination. These challenges are a catalyst in itself; they allow you to†¦show more content†¦Rabbit – Proof Fence by Phillip Noyce has many demanding obstacles that the girls, Molly, Daisy and Gracie had to endure. This shows the significance of the journey. The girl’s journey began in Jigalong, 1931 during the time of the stolen generation. They where taken from their home by a white Australian known as A.O. Neville, Chief protector of aboriginals; t o Moore River Native Settlement. Upon arriving in this strange place, they were force to train to become domestic servants so that they could ‘blend in’ with the white culture. This terrified the girls the way they were treated and wanted to go home, so they escape, this was the beginning of their long and hard journey. The girls had a tracker after them which become a tough challenge to overcome. This tracker was another aboriginal that was being paid to track the girls down, in hope that can save his own daughter from the horrible encampment. This caused them to grow, which I will explain further in the next section. A black man that girls encountered on their journey pretending to be their friend cause confusion amongst the girls. This was illustrated through the silence of the music when the girls walk together, it gave and uncomfortable feeling towards one another. This was the hardest of them all, this pulled their family apart, which lead to the capture of young Gracie after she gave up because she felt distant from Molly. This was caused by MollyShow MoreRelatedMy Journey To Physical Therapy. Physical Therapy Is A Growing1089 Words   |  5 PagesMy Journey to Physical Therapy Physical Therapy is a growing profession in the healthcare field. There is a continuous flow of patients who need assistance with recovery and the motivation to finish the task. As with any healthcare profession, physical therapy can be very demanding. Therapists can successfully meet those demands by creating a positive environment, continuously learning and educating others. In addition to possessing these characteristics, my interest in physical therapy comes fromRead MorePhysical Journeys753 Words   |  4 PagesPhysical journeys can impact upon the traveler in many ways. They can be faced with obstacles which can impact on the traveler and will need to overcome. Physical journeys can impact upon the traveler in various ways. This is shown in Dawes poem â€Å"last seen at 12.10am† where a mother is on a journey to find her missing daughter. This is also evident in Michael James Rowland 2007 film â€Å"Lucky Miles†, where a group of men’s inner journey of fri endship despite differences goes through obstacles whichRead MoreHeart of Darkness - Metaphorical or Physical Journey?1285 Words   |  6 PagesThe worth of any physical journey can be measured by the value it has to the traveller; by the psychological, moral and philosophical insight gained during the course of travel. This is especially valid for a trip of such immense significance as the one undertaken by the narrator in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, Marlow, as he travels along the Congo River in Africa. The symbolic importance of the Congo River is paramount throughout the novella; however, it is equally important to consider theRead More Siddhartha Essay: Physical, Mental, and Spiritual Journeys1499 Words   |  6 PagesPhysical, Mental, and Spiritual Journeys in Siddhartha   Ã‚  Ã‚   In Hesses novel, Siddhartha the title character, Siddhartha leaves the Brahmins in search of Nirvana - spiritual peace.   The journey he endures focuses on two main goals - to find peace and the right path (http://www.ic.ucsb.edu/~ggotts/hesse/life/jennifer/html).   Joseph Mileck, the author of Hermann Hesse:   Life and Art, asserts that Siddhartha focuses on a sense of unity developed through Siddharthas mind, body, and soul (Baumer)Read MoreLearning From The Journey : Dante And Odysseus Enlightenment Through Their Physical And Metaphysical Journeys1518 Words   |  7 PagesWorld Literature 27 July 2014 Learning from the Journey: Dante and Odysseus’ Enlightenment Through Their Physical and Metaphysical Journeys Traveling from one place to another, physically moving, is beneficial in changing scenery and changing perspective however, physical travel is not the only travel that brings about a positive change in people. Metaphysical travel, also known as a mental or spiritual exploration, is just as powerful as a physical one. Dante, in his epic poem Inferno, and OdysseusRead MorePhysical Journeys Essay (Last Seen 12:10am...)802 Words   |  4 Pagesyour study of the prescribed text and related material, what were the most significant aspects of physical journeys that you noted? Throughout physical journeys there are many aspects contained within. These aspects are what shape and form people throughout their journey. The most notable aspect of a physical journey is overcoming the barriers and obstacles which are confronted throughout the journey. This idea is evident within the prescribed texts â€Å"Migrants†, â€Å"Last seen at 12:10am† and also thoughtRead MorePhysical Journeys; Peter Skrzynecki and Related Texts Essay1907 Words   |  8 PagesPhysical journeys also involve emotional and spiritual journeys A physical journey brings inner growth and development from the experiences a person encounters from a physical transition from one place to another. All physical journeys include obstacles and hardships however they also involve emotional and spiritual journeys along the way. Peter Skrzynecki’s poems â€Å"Postcard† and â€Å"Crossing The Red Sea† are both examples of an emotional journey within a physical journey. A feature article ‘A DesertRead MoreAlabama Bus Boycott : A Civil Association For The Advancement Of Colored People1528 Words   |  7 Pagesthis strongly influencing the activist to approach the protest peacefully . Choosing to model the Freedom Rides after a similar bus protest, Farmer followed Bayard Rustin’s â€Å"Journey of Reconciliation†; however, unlike Rustin, Farmer emphasized thoroughly training his riders in a three-day workshop that focused on non-physical retaliating, enduring attack, and surrendering when police arr est them. In 1938, intending to pursue a career in religion, James L. Farmer Jr. decided to take after his fatherRead More The Physical and Emotional Journeys of Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre1818 Words   |  8 Pages The Physical and Emotional Journeys of Jane Eyre nbsp; The novel Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronteuml; consists of the continuous journey through Janes life towards her final happiness and freedom. This is effectively supported by five significant physical journeys she makes, which mirror the four emotional journeys she makes. nbsp; 10-year-old Jane lives under the custody of her Aunt Reed, who hates her. Jane resents her harsh treatment by her aunt and cousins so much that she hasRead MoreWomen During The Nineteenth Century1187 Words   |  5 Pagesworkers caring for their husband and children. Men had to go out and do physical labor all day to provide for their family. During the 1840 to the late 1860s, an era of westward expansion took place in the United States. Many families wanted to go west because there were unclaimed land in Oregon. Many families packed their belongings on a covered wagon and followed the dangerous routes and trails to the west. Despite the dangerous journey, many families wanted to claim vast land and farm in the fertile

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Quality Research for Mike An Illustrative Case Study...

Introduction The three research methodology paradigms are quantitative research, qualitative research and mixed research. Each of these paradigms uses different methods for research and collects different types of data. A quantitative research relies primarily on the collection of quantitative data while a qualitative research relies on the collection of qualitative data. A mixed research involves mixing quantitative and qualitative methods. As the research for the study, â€Å"Mike: An Illustrative Case Study†, used a qualitative methodology, characteristics of qualitative research and how they relate to the particular study will be the focus of this review. Qualitative research methods are divided into five major types of†¦show more content†¦There is no single way to conduct a case study and a variety of methods are often combined. For example, the study reviewed is an example of an illustrative case study. These types of case studies are used to describe or show what a situation is like. They are used to help interpret other data, especially if readers know little about the event, experience or program. Illustrative case studies help make unfamiliar things more familiar. They also must adequately represent the experience or program (Davey, 1991). The researcher in â€Å"Mike: An Illustrative Case Study†, used an illustrative case study of qualitative methodology in the study. The study clearly uses some of the characteristics of a case study such as the study does not pose to prove a specific hypothesis but rather to describe a particular experience of the student referred to as Mike. The case study began with the background information which led to the experience Mike had at EBCE. The study focused on the experiences and successes Mike had during his first year at EBCE. The study reviewed had omitted Mike’s second year at EBCE and then continued with the collection of various type of data. The experience of Mik e was somewhat confusing to understand. The report began with a detailed description of why Mike chose to continue his education with EBCE. ItShow MoreRelatedTesco And E Mart : Market Positioning, Localization And Cost Control1565 Words   |  7 PagesChina is attractive to foreign investors, there are some multinational or small-medium enterprises encounter challenges and divested from China. The main purpose of this report is giving some recommendations to ALDI based on the analysis of two illustrative cases— Tesco and E-mart using â€Å"tripod† strategy (resources, industry and institution). The recommendations can be concluded as appropriate market positioning, localization and cost control. Through these appropriate strategies, there will be a largerRead MoreMathematical Modeling and Pharmaceutical Pricing: Analyses Used to8639 Words   |  35 Pagessought to decompose the uncertainty in predicting net present value (NPV) [1]. Not surprisingly, the future price a product will support is a primary driver of variability in its expected NPV. Because of the important role pricing plays, firm research efforts to reduce price-related uncertainty increase as the product moves through the developmental pipeline. This process often exceeds a decade, beginning with drug discovery in pre-clinical trials, moving through phases I, II, and III, andRead MoreCase Study for Management Accounting36918 Words   |  148 PagesCASES FROM MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING PRACTICES Table of Contents Case 1: Case 2: Bal Seal Engineering Robin Cooper Bill’s Custom Planters William Stammerjohan Deborah Seifert Dublin Shirt Company Peter Clarke in assoc. with in assoc. with Paul Juras Wayne Bremser ECN.W William Lawler Endesa Gary M. Cunningham Scott Ericksen Francisco J. Lopez Lubian Antonio Pareja Kincaid Manufacturing Jon Yarusso Ram Ramanan Osram.NA John Shank Lawrence Carr William Lawler Pleasant Run Children’s Home Brooke E. 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Permission is hereby given for the material in this publication to be reproduced for OHP transparencies and student handouts, without express permission of the Publishers, for educational purposes only. In all other cases, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without either the prior written permission of the Publishers or

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Systems Science and Engineering for Urban Areas- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theSystems Science and Engineering for Urban Areas. Answer: Introduction The alarming increase in the rate of crimes in various offices and homes in both the rural and urban areas around the world has increased the importance of installing the CCTV cameras as security surveillance system in various infrastructures. The threats to security have been observed to be ranging from kidnapping, armed robbery to the bomb blasts that happen every now and then has been keeping the entire world at an alert all the time to such as extent that no individual can be assured of his or her security. In the previous assignment, it has been elaborated regarding the fact that engineering is the basic sector which provides establishment of almost everything that is present in the world (Alhafidh Allen, 2017). Engineering has integration of various stages of processes in which a product or a service is constantly evolved. The processes of engineering design encompass the aspects of system engineering in every way. It has been observed that including the CCTV camera in the area of system engineering encompasses interdisciplinary means and approach for enabling the identification and realization of the successful surveillance systems. It focuses on the definition of the needs of the customers and needs of functionality in the preliminary phase, design phase and product phase of the development and installation of CCTV camera. It has been noted that the design processes can be applied in the manufacturing of products where these can be restructured to meet the needs of the market and the customers (Bennett Reich, 2014). The proper implementation of the system engineering design in aspects of CCTV camera will be obtained right from the stage of formulation of design and not post operation. A consistent prime element of the phases of manufacturing and designing of the system engineering regarding CCTV camera integrates the representation of the processes and the products in such a way that they may be synthesized and analyzed in an effective way of delivering optimum performance. The concurrency of the process and the products design task has been observed to become identified as extremely valuable in predicting and minimizing the costs of the life cycle (Chen, Wu Hsieh, 2013). It has been observed that longer-term benefits are being obtained from the leverage that resonates with the methodologies of the design over the life cycle if the product. The conceptual stage or the preliminary stage of the system engineering of the CCTV camera is regarding the facilitation of effective functionality to the customers (Choi Lee, 2015). Preliminary design Preliminary system design phase refers to the development and definition of the preferred concept of system and the allocated requirements for the subsystems of the CCTV camera. It has been noted that the purpose of the preliminary system design phase is to demonstrate that the concept of CCTV will confirm the specifications and performance of the design of the CCTV cameras. Preliminary system design phase also addresses the fact that the products associated with the CCTV cameras can be constructed or produced with various available methods. Moreover, it has been noted that the established constraints in the schedule along with the costs can be addressed to in the preliminary design phase (Dechesne, Warnier van den Hoven, 2013). The requirements of the preliminary design phase of the CCTV camera evolve from the design requirements of the system. The various aspects and the methods of the preliminary design evaluation efforts are integrated. It has been further observed that the methods are considered in the preliminary design by the means of the allocated requirements regarding the operation of the CCTV camera (Elotefy, et al., 2015). Further, the various aspects drive the preliminary design for addressing the methods at the lower level. The system specifications regarding the system engineering design in regards to the CCTV camera include the technical, operational, performance, and support characteristics of for the CCTV camera system as an entity, the outcome of a feasibility analysis , requirements for operations, the concept of maintenance and support, the suitable technical project management requirements at the level f the system engineering design, along with the allocation of the requirements of the designs of the CCTV cameras to the subsystem level. It has been observed in the previous assignment that the design and installation of the CCTV cameras in rural and urban areas begin with the identification of the need (Hassan, et al., 2016). The identification of the needs that are required to be accomplished by ensuring the addressing of the problems of security is included in the preliminary phase of design of the CCTV camera. It has been further observed that the conceptual or preliminary design in the urban areas targets to provide and collecting information to regulate all types of incidents in the actual time. The elaboration regarding the aerial view of the rotating cameras by installing the cameras in the highly populated regions is very much relevant in obtaining enhanced security which is one of the basic reasons of system engineering design of CCTV camera (Javed, Iqbal Abbas, 2017). On the other hand, the illustration of the issues regarding the installation of the CCTV cameras in the rural areas is very much relevant in real terms. People in rural areas find it difficult in terms of the costs of installation of the CCTV cameras along with the reduced willingness of the government regarding the installation o f these gadgets. The fact that the rural areas have large stretches of uninhabited lands makes it more convenient to choose the best areas for the installation of the CCTV cameras (Johnsen Stene, 2014). Detailed design and development The detailed design and the development phase of the system life cycle in the designing of the CCTV camera have been observed to be a continuation of the iterative process of development. It has been observed that the detailed design and development phase of the system engineering stage of CCTV camera encompass the development of the requirements of the designs for the components of all level of the CCTV camera system. It also includes the implementation of the necessary activities associated with the technology for the fulfillment of all the objectives of the design and installation of the CCTV cameras (Lee, et al., 2016). The elements and activities of the integration of the CCTV camera system are also observed to be included in the detailed design and development phase of the system lifecycle. Selection and utilization of the aids and tools of design are observed to be integrated into this phase. The preparation of the design and documentation of the data along with the development of the engineering of the CCTV cameras is incorporated in having prototype models of CCTV cameras (Lim, et al., 2015). It has been observed that in the detailed design and development phase of the CCTV cameras in rural and urban areas, the implementation of a review of the design, feedback, and evaluation of the of the capability. In this stage, changes in the design are also incorporated. It has been further observed that specific requirements are derived from the specifications of the system in this stage of detailed design and development. These requirements evolve through the application of the lower level specifications in the rural and urban areas in respect to the CCTV cameras. It has also been observed that the evolution of the detail design is determined from the outcomes of the requirements that are established during the system design of preliminary and conceptual phase. It was observed that the detail design evolution of CCTV camera in the rural and urban areas was required to have a very basic sequence of the process or activities. The relevant process was found to be iterative which proceeded from the system level definition to the configuration of the CCTV camera which can be manufactured or constructed in multiple quantities (Nitschke, et al., 2014). In the context of the installation of the CC TV cameras in rural and urban areas, the significance of the checks and balances in the review forms at every stage of progression of the design along with the loop of feedback facilitated corrective actions. The actual definition of the system engineering design regarding CCTV camera was observed to be relevant when the level of the details of the specifications increases which was established through the development of the data which describes the CCTV camera while being designed. Such data has to be represented in the aspects of the forms of digital elaboration of the items in design drawings, reports, and electronic formats (Senan, et al., 2017). In this context, it was found that the ADDIE Model is very much relevant. ADDIE Model is the generic process which is very much relevant to be conventionally used by the training developers and instructional designers. The five phases of the models are very much in resonance with the stages of implementation and installation of the CCTV cameras, i.e. Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. This is very much in sync with the flexible and dynamic guideline for the structuring of the effective performance and training support tools. The analysis phase of is relative to the conceptual phase of the system engineering of the CCTV camera (Stanley, et al., 2014). The design phase of the installation of the CCTV cameras would refer to the dealing with the assessment instruments, lesson planning, selection of media, and analysis of the installation of the CCTV camera. This would further refer to the logical and systematic method of identification and evaluation of a set of identification, evaluation, and development of the set of planned strategies regarding the installation of CCTV cameras in the rural and urban areas (TAN, HUO WANG, 2015). The development phase according to the model is very relevant to the creation and assembling of the contents of the assets associated with the components of the installation of CCTV cameras. In the implementation phase of the CCTV camera, a procedure regarding the training of the facilitators is developed. This is very much relevant in regards to the project manager of the project of installation of CCTV cameras in the rural and urban areas ensuring the requirements for the project. The evaluation phase of the project of installation of the CCTV camera includes the formative and summative portions which refer to the testing of the systems. System test, evaluation validation, and optimization The system test, validation, and evaluation activities in the context of the installment of the CCTV cameras in the rural and urban areas are very much relevant in the conceptual design phase of the life cycle of the installment of the CCTV camera. The evaluation and testing the components of the CCTV camera that would be installed in the rural and urban areas would be continued by testing different elements of the system, components along with the major subsystems which further integrate the entire system of the CCTV camera (Elotefy, et al., 2015). The validation process of the CCTV camera installation refers to the ensuring of the system configuration in respect of meeting the requirements of the customers and clients in the rural and urban areas. The human factors are also found to have significant implications on the success of the installment of the CCTV camera in the rural and urban areas (Vassalos Fan, 2016). The people in the rural areas do not basically trust or understand the significance of surveillance technology which can provide them with security. On the other hand, people living in the urban areas seek for enhanced security and surveillance system around their houses, accommodations, and place of businesses (Johnsen Stene, 2014). A true system validation of the CCTV camera would not be considered to be complete until the installed system is completely functional in the environment of the client and the user. It was observed that the complete functionality of the system could be observed through the implementation of the progressive tests and evaluation plan. Moreover, different categories if evaluation and test are observed to be identified by the phases if the installment of CCTV cameras in the rural and urban areas. Conclusion The significance of the feeling secured with the enhanced quality of technology has to be recognized by people both in rural and urban areas. Every individual needs to understand the effectiveness of having a CCTV camera system around his or her vicinity. The integration of various phases of the system engineering design has to be understood in a proper way for the effective implementation. References Alhafidh, B.M.H. and Allen, W.H., 2017, June. High Level Design of a Home Autonomous System Based on Cyber Physical System Modeling. InDistributed Computing Systems Workshops (ICDCSW), 2017 IEEE 37th International Conference on(pp. 45-52). IEEE. Bennett, D. and Reich, S., 2014. Regional Carrizo Program: Planning, Design, and Construction of a Fast-Track Urban Pipeline. InPipelines 2014: From Underground to the Forefront of Innovation and Sustainability(pp. 640-649). Chen, H.T., Wu, S.W. and Hsieh, S.H., 2013. Visualization of CCTV coverage in public building space using BIM technology.Visualization in Engineering,1(1), p.5. Choi, K. and Lee, I., 2015. CCTV Coverage Index Based on Surveillance Resolution and Its Evaluation Using 3D Spatial Analysis.Sensors,15(9), pp.23341-23360. Dechesne, F., Warnier, M. and van den Hoven, J., 2013. Ethical requirements for reconfigurable sensor technology: a challenge for value sensitive design.Ethics and Information Technology,15(3), pp.173-181. Elotefy, H., Abdelmagid, K.S., Morghany, E. and Ahmed, T.M., 2015. Energy-efficient Tall Buildings Design Strategies: A Holistic Approach.Energy Procedia,74, pp.1358-1369. Hassan, N.M., Al Maazmi, T., Al Hadhrami, A. and Al Hosani, M., 2016. Discrete event simulation: a vital tool for a concurrent life cycle design.Construction Innovation,16(1), pp.67-80. Javed, B., Iqbal, M.W. and Abbas, H., 2017, May. Internet of things (IoT) design considerations for developers and manufacturers. InCommunications Workshops (ICC Workshops), 2017 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 834-839). IEEE. Johnsen, S.O. and Stene, T., 2014. Use of CCTV in remote operations and remote support of oil and gas fields to improve safety and resilience. InProceedings of the XI conference on Human Factors in Organizational Design and Management (pp. this issue). Copenhagen. Lee, S.G., Park, J.L., Choi, G.C. and Sung, H.G., 2016, June. FLBT Multi Docking Aid System Design and Development. InThe 26th International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference. International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers. Lim, C.H., Park, J.Y., Choi, J.S., Cheon, H.J. and Shin, S.H., 2015, July. The study on Design of the Floating Pendulum Wave Energy Converter (FPWEC) Operation System. InThe Twenty-fifth International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference. International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers. Nitschke, A.G., Gall, V., McRae, M. and Ramirez, I., 2014. NATM Excavation and Support Design and Construction of the Caldecott Fourth Bore.2014 NATC Proceedings, Los Angeles; Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Inc, pp.1029-1036. Senan, M.F.E.M., Abdullah, S.N.H.S., Kharudin, W.M. and Saupi, N.A.M., 2017, January. CCTV quality assessment for forensics facial recognition analysis. InCloud Computing, Data Science Engineering-Confluence, 2017 7th International Conference on(pp. 649-655). IEEE. Stanley, R.D., Karim, T., Koolman, J. and McElderry, H., 2014. Design and implementation of electronic monitoring in the British Columbia groundfish hook and line fishery: a retrospective view of the ingredients of success.ICES Journal of Marine Science,72(4), pp.1230-1236. TAN, Y.Q., HUO, L.C. and WANG, P.F., 2015. The simulation analysis of integral lifting of a large-span steel truss structure during construction phase.Journal of Hebei University of Engineering (Natural Science Edition),1, p.002. Vassalos, D. and Fan, M., 2016, April. Risk-based design-realising the triple-a navy. In13th International Naval Engineering Conference and Exhibition (INEC 2016)(pp. 1-13).

Sunday, April 12, 2020

New England Vs. Chesapeake Essays - Thirteen Colonies,

New England Vs. Chesapeake Early English colonies in America hardly resembled the union of men and women that would later fight against England and build a new country. In fact, until the mid-eighteenth century, most English colonists had very little, if anything to do with the settlers in neighboring colonies. They heard news of Indian wars and other noteworthy events, not from the colony itself, but from England. The colonies in the New World appeared completely different and the prospect of any unity between them seemed impossible. The colonies in New England and the Chesapeake exemplify the many differences in the culture and lifestyles of the settlers, created mainly because of the fact that their founding fathers had held separate intentions when they came to the New World. The New England and Chesapeake colonies were both settled by immigrants from England, the New England colonies being founded by the English from East Anglia, an area in eastern England. Though this was an area thriving with small towns that they had generally liked, they decided to flee England due to religious persecution. Hundreds of families, men, women and their children, came in search of a New World where they could practice their beliefs freely. They founded colonies such as Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island as model Christian societies. Their cities upon the hills were guides, the lanterns, for those lost in the darkness of humanity, as John Winthrop meant by his famous statement. They formed a society of strict religious participation, actually very much resembling their homeland. In the beginning, many called themselves Puritans, and kept things very simple and plain, concentrating on what was important to them. They used the community to achieve t heir goals, building new towns and enjoying the social aspect of their religion. At the same time, they were committed to remain working hard to keep their community productive. They believed the ?idle hands? were the devil's workshops. An issue that really defined a split between the societies was the slavery conflict. The northerners in New England held true to their belief that every man shall be equal and no one should be enslaved, while the southerners in the Chesapeake area strongly believed in the use of slavery. At the same time the New Englanders worked to help end slavery by preaching to others about the injustices, they worked diligently to make education in their society strong. Most people in the towns were literate so that they could read their Bibles and study them in detail with their friends and family. Some colonists were artisans or merchants. Others were small-town farmers, making sure that every member of the community had a reasonable share of God's land. The northern colonies were renowned for being rich in furs, timber and fish. They were especially noted for developing into a very successful trading region. The New England colonies made up the middle class society whose focal points were fam ily, education and religion. The society remained non-capitalistic, yet still buzzed with much activity. On the other hand, the Chesapeake region had a ?cash crop? get rich quickly mentality. This aristocratic region consisted of Virginia and Maryland, two colonies that seemed to be exceedingly materialistic. Evidently, their lives were based more on their liquid assets than on God or family. The Englanders who saw the opportunity to take advantage of the popularity of a brand new crop they had discovered settled the Chesapeake area. These ?gold diggers? were mainly upper-class men of wealthy families aspiring towards coming to the New World to create a large profit for themselves. These colonists were not fleeing England seeking religious or social freedom, but clearly only to add more wealth to their names. Tobacco soon became the primary crop seen growing on almost every one of these wealthy men's plantations, which created tremendous amounts of money to add to their fortunes. Of course almost every plantation had African slaves working on the land. These colossal estates came to dep end on their slaves to run their farms and slavery became a common, yet feared, way of life for many Africans. Unfortunately for these Chesapeake colonies, due to swampy land in much of the area, towns were not

Tuesday, March 10, 2020

Thou Blind Mans Mark Essay Example

Thou Blind Mans Mark Essay Example Thou Blind Mans Mark Paper Thou Blind Mans Mark Paper As humans there are two things in life people try to satisfy: their needs and their wants. One’s needs are definite, and easy to number, but wants however are much more complex. More and more fascinating and enticing gadgets are being produced every day, and the desire for these things increases as they increase in number. Necessities can be measured but wishes can be endless. Sometimes what one wants is not even rational, it cannot be attained; yet, they cannot help but yearn for more things in life. The persona in â€Å"Thou Blind Man’s Mark† by Sir Philip Sydney recognizes this plight. Though he knows it is foolish, he can’t help but want; thus his only desire is to kill desire. Stuck with these unsettled feelings, the author personifies desire (evident through his use of thou), and uses apostrophe to let it know exactly how he feels about it. The persona’s disdain for desire is both striking and obvious. The first quatrain in itself is laced with insults such as scum and dregs (line 2), both associated with unpleasant things, causing a displeasing visual image to be painted in the mind of the reader. It also discreetly points out desire’s cruelty as it fools men into wishing they could possess things impossible for them to obtain, it is the target of a blind man, who cannot even see where he is aiming (line 1). He expands on this point through the use of metaphor – cradle of causeless care, web of will (lines 3 and 4); portraying the effect desire has on men. It nurtures caring for people and possessions without reason, and tangles the minds of men. In order to ensure his point is taken home, the speaker emphasizes his point with alliteration evident in his repetitive use of the letter c in line 3 and w in line 4. The second quatrain is a complaint. The speaker describes, with organic images, – mangled mind, worthless ware (line 6) – the strife desire has awarded him, and he is not pleased. One can almost feel the stress he suffers from all because he cannot help but want. He knows desire is worthless, and he is fed up. The magnitude of his enervated feelings is shown through his repetition of the phrase â€Å"too long†. He exhausts the phrase in order to allow the reader to not only read but also experience his exhaustion. Following the trend, the third quatrain bashes desire for the pain it has, in vain, caused the persona. His tone is almost reprimanding, and he definitely blames desire for several woes. It sought his ruin, and caused him to ache for pointless things, all in vain. He recognized the vanity found in desire; thus, he learned a better lesson from virtue – desire must be killed. His conclusion, found in the couplet, is the epitome of irony. The entire poem discusses the problem with desire; yet, it ends with one – the desire to kill desire. At first glance, this is a likely decision, it makes sense. Sometimes one has to fight fire with fire, or in this case desire with desire, but there is more to this sentence than a likely conclusion. Though it seems to be a paradox, it in fact reinforces an important theme found in the poem. The persona struggled with scorn for desire throughout the entire work; yet, in the end, he still needs it. This reveals one very powerful message – desire cannot be escaped.

Sunday, February 23, 2020

The Social Impact of the Industrial Revolution Essay

The Social Impact of the Industrial Revolution - Essay Example lution.   In reality, this eve began more than two centuries before this date.   The late 18th century and the early l9th century brought to fruition the ideas and discoveries of those who had long passed on, such as, Galileo, Bacon, Descartes and others. The birthplace of the industrial revolution was eighteenth century England, blessed with people, natural resources, inventions, and money, all of which were needed for industrialization.   The industrial revolution required both workers and consumers, both of which were supplied by Englands rapidly expanding population.   Prior to the eighteenth century, population growth in England had been slow.   In 1700, England had less than seven million people, and its population was growing very slowly.   But by the first decade of the nineteenth century, its population had reached an unexpected eleven million.   Although the number of births rose during this period, the more dramatic change was in the death rate which dropped sharply.   The death rate dropped because of reasons such as more babies surviving child-birth, reduction in deaths due to epidemics and increase in availability of food.   The growing number of people created an expanding market for all kinds of goods.   English industry met this demand first by finding ways to speed up the manufacture of the desired wares and second by building more factories to turn out more goods.   The growth of industry meant that more workers were needed.   The population that gave rise to increased business also provided the labor force to generate that increase (Corrick, 1998, pp.15-19). The industrial revolution gradually began to spread to other parts of the world.   Countries such as France, Holland and Belgium also possessed some of the elements that triggered the industrial revolution in England.   Like England, Belgium had a growing population, good supplies of coal and iron, and centuries-old weaving industry ripe for mechanization.   Belgium used English technology

Friday, February 7, 2020

Analysis Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Analysis Paper - Essay Example supported by Graff who also explains that students are trying to expound on various notions, opportunities and subjects that education has provided, to develop an analysis on the most liked and exciting subjects and opportunities in education. This clearly explains the fact that students are now pursuing education and creating some entertainment effect from various operations undertaken in the school and classroom environment. Graff states that, â€Å"The chance to try on a variety of clashing ideas, to see what they feel like, is one of the most exciting opportunities an education can provide; it can be especially rewarding for students who come to the university with already developed skills at summarizing and weighing arguments and synthesizing conflicting positions on their own.† This clearly explain how education has created an environment where students get to understand various chances available in the education sector, and implement on decisions of creating an environm ent that is favorable to try various subjects and opportunities, which becomes a primary source of entertainment among students from various universities (Greene and Lidinsky, 338). Liberal education and how education has been viewed by students in various institutions of learning has been discussed by various scholars. Graff’s argument on education has been analyzed, and research indicates that there are some cases where Graff supports the argument by Edmundson on the same basis of education. For instance, Graff supports the notion argued by Edmundson that students have diverse perceptions of education, including the idea that education can be termed as a form of

Wednesday, January 29, 2020

Increased Competition in the Field of Robotics Essay Example for Free

Increased Competition in the Field of Robotics Essay If desired, calibrate the virtual process to reflect physical conditions and download optimized robot programs. By simulating your process you can always be sure to have the right combination of robot, gun and fixtures. After all, in virtual reality, bumping in to car parts and fixtures does not really matter. Arc Geometric simulation enables accurate arc weld robot programs with optimized gun angle against the seam. Also, it is easy to evaluate guns with different swan neck angles for best reachability. Spot When working on-line it is not an easy thing to program a spot welding robot to weld perpendicular to a surface. With the aid of geometric simulation systems, this is ensured, with improved quality and a durable weld as a result. Evaluating and designing spot weld guns is effectively done in a virtual environment. Laser Laser technology has made many processes more efficient. Robotized laser applications really deserves state of the art manufacturing simulation technology as a companion. Truly these technologies is for the future. Painting When programming a paint robot on-line, there are often difficulties associated with where and how to store robot positions in order to get the best result. Off-line programming reduces many of these difficulties. Features such as paint thickness simulation and the fact that you actually see where you are aiming truly help. Consumption of paint, products, and above all time needed for on-line touch up dramatically decreases. Handling and assembly Simulation can also be used in robotized handling and assembly operations. The product can be checked in fixtures and grippers and together with other products. Kinematics can be added to products. During simulation of handling processes reachability can be checked and collisions can be detected and provided. Simulation can also be used to optimize the layout by checking the placement of fixtures, racks and other equipment. Simulation of human operations Not only robot operations can be simulated, also human operations are possible to simulate. Simulation of human operations is important in an ergonomic point of view. Reachability and accessibility can be analyzed in an early stage of the project, before any physical verification is possible. Different sizes of the human model can be used to point out if changes in layout, process equipment or product are necessary. By using simulation, difficult and/or impossible operations can be eliminated. The purpose of these analyses is to prevent harmful operations. The result of the simulations can also be used in an educational purpose. 4. Robots in place of Human in Food Industry. Robots to solve end-of-line issues in food industry. They face a number of challenges in their end-of-line packaging operations. In a manual process, they must deal with ergonomic issues, labor availability, and the uncertainty of increasing costs associated with recent and potential future legislation. In an automated process, accommodating rapid-fire package changes driven by sustainability initiatives and shelf impact, as well understanding and improving key performance measures such as Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), are key. And in any process, food safety is an overriding concern on the minds of processors, as the consequences of foodborne illness and/or massive product recalls have affected a wide range of food categories. . Current Robotic Trends in Packaging Industrial robots have emerged as a valuable end-of-line tool to help address these challenges for food manufacturers, as the performance and user-friendliness of the technology has increased while costs have decreased. Growth in vision-assisted robotic applications is especially notable, as vision enables a robot to emulate the flexibility of human hand-eye coordination and perform a number of in-process product inspections for quality assurance. A number of statistics point to increased adoption of robotics in the industry: The International Federation of Robotics (IFR) Statistics Department, which provides information on world-wide trends in robotics, reports optimistically about robotics industry growth in the coming years. According to the Robotics and Automation Society, whose goal is to †advance innovation, education, and fundamental and applied research in Robotics and Automation, † (1) says that †Nearly every major user industry increased its purchases in the opening quarter of 2010. Especially strong gains were seen in robot sales to the semiconductor/electronics/photonics industries as well as food consumer goods. † In addition, â€Å"Material handling remains the largest application area for new robot orders, accounting for some 60% of the units sold. Many food companies and packaging machinery manufacturers have successfully applied robots in a wide variety of processes in the dairy, meat, baking, confection, frozen, snack, beverage, and even produce industries.

Tuesday, January 21, 2020

Energy Bars and Resulting Glycemic Levels Essay -- Health Nutrition Di

Energy Bars and Resulting Glycemic Levels   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Atkins’ diet has been sweeping the nation as more and more Americans struggle to lose weight. Opposed to other diets which require less fatty foods and more fruits and vegetables, Atkins’ takes a different approach. The Atkins’ diet suggests that removal of carbohydrates alone will lead to a thinner and healthier body. Atkins’ encourages intake of low-carb and high protein foods such as meat, and discourages consumption of foods high in carbohydrates such as bread. Divergent from proteins, carboyhdrates store sugars for a longer period of time and eventually turn into fat. To accommodate the diet, Atkins came out with the low carb Atkins Advantage energy bar. But losing carbs isn’t the only path to weight loss as other bars with this macronutrient also affect glycemic levels (liquid derived from fats). Such bars, including the Balance Bar and Power Bar, substitute low-glycemic carbs for higher glycemic carbs as the former have been associated with weight gain and increased blood cholesterol. A study went underway to determine just how successful the energy bars are in affecting glycemic levels.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A study took place to see just how effective energy bars are with glycemic levels. The Atkins Advantage, which in nearly free of carbs, the Balance Bar, which provides its energy from 40% carbs, 30% protein, and 30% fat, and the Power Bar, that’s high in carbs, all were scientifically studied to see how well they live up to their names. The bars were abbreviated LC for low in carbs (Atkins), MC for moderate, (Balance) and HC for high (Power). The goal of this study was to compare the different glycemic responses of each bar to wh... ... leading to faster processing of fat and muscle gain versus weight gain. The Power bar on the other hand, which contains more carbs than the average carb substance such as white bread, is affective when eaten after exercise as it replenishes loss of glycogen in the muscles. So, each bar under this study affectively alters glucose levels, but with different results. The Atkins Advantage, or LC, contains drastically lower carbs leading to weight loss. The Balance Bar assists in weight loss to a smaller degree (with have the carbs of bread) but what it lacks in pound shedding makes up for with energy (from the protein and fats). And finally the high carb Power bar, with an additional amount of carbs, provides the energy and muscle aid which in turn can lead to weight loss. In sum, each bar is functional in their different dietary functions.

Sunday, January 12, 2020

Precarious Employment Essay

This essay will discuss why young people are two to three times more likely than adults to find themselves unemployed and why the problem is rapidly growing in almost every region of the world. Although young people today are the most educated generation ever, both industrialised and developing countries are failing to increase employment opportunities for them. The lack of opportunities is of course linked to the general state of the economy and employment situation but it is also a result of the mismatches between the skills young people possess and the skills required by the labour market. All of these factors can lead to long periods of unemployment, job seeking or low skilled and precarious work, which are not only detrimental to young people but impact heavily on economies and society in general. (ILO tackling youth unemployment) Globalisation Globalisation and technological advances have been changing labour markets around the world. Young workers are facing new challenges in making the transition from school to work (Elizabeth Morris 2003). Globalisation is changing the distribution of power and gains and has raised questions about legitimacy and sustainability. Inadequate attention to the human side of globalisation has created a gap in understanding its impact on life and work (International Labour Office). Economics The 1980s and 1990s saw the most profound transformation of Australian public policy since World War II and in that it fundamentally reworked a framework in place since Federation (Castles et al 1996; Kelly 1994). This transformation was underwritten by two principles: liberalism – the view that citizens are autonomous individual actors whose interests are best served when they are free from coercive government interventions into individual action (Yeatman 2000); and marketisation – the belief that free markets are arenas which best enable individual autonomy and produce efficient outcomes (Marginson 1997). These principles define ‘neoliberalism’ or ‘hard liberalism’ (Argy 2003). How have these policy changes affected Australia? An advocate would say it created improved economic outcomes greater market efficiencies, less public expenditure less reliance on social welfare and more individual choice. For a critic it increases inequality, corrodes quality of life and produces an atomised society in which individuals are culturally disconnected from one another and fundamental social institutions (Pusey 2003; Saunders 2002:8-12, ch 2). The primary arguments for neoliberalism are economic, mostly that a free market is necessary for economic, employment and income growth (Kenworthy 2004). However, with the structural changes that have occurred the nature of work has changed with greater casualisation, more part-time work at the cost of full-time employment along with changes in working conditions such as irregular working hours. Income inequality has increased (Saunders 2003). The government has encouraged individuals to be responsible for their own welfare. The market was seen as a more efficient distributor of resources than the state. Skills and Knowledge In an increasingly globalised, competitive and rapidly changing economy the skills and knowledge of young people are becoming more and more important to existing businesses, and are necessary to those wishing to set up their own successful business. It is crucial that young people get a decent basic education and have the skills and qualities needed for work. Numeracy and literacy skills are key to a well-functioning business environment, with information and communication technology (ICT) and enterprise skills (such as business administration, sales and marketing, and so on) not to be underestimated. In particular the teaching of entrepreneurial skills and attributes and behaviours is often not properly integrated into school curricula or not adequately taught on different educational levels. Most education systems still teach only traditional values rather than independent thinking and acting, risk-taking and self-reliance. Moreover, an academic approach to education nurtures skills that are appropriate to working in the public sector or large organizations and companies, are not the key skills needed to start an entrepreneurial career. Youth regardless of their origin have dreams, hopes and aspirations. They carry with them many qualities: â€Å"relevant and recent education and training; enthusiasm, hope and new ideas; willingness to learn and be taught; openness to new skills and technology; realistic expectations on entry into the labour market; mobility and adaptability; and represent a new generation to meet the challenge in countries with an ageing workforce. † (Resolution concerning youth employment, 2005). Yet youth throughout the world encounter barriers in making transitions from school to work. Frequently their full potential is not realised because they do not have access to appropriate jobs (United Nations General Assembly, 2000). Work and Employment Previously factories, offices and shops employed a large part of the working population. Now, computer based technology produces more goods, processes more office work and oversees more sales than ever before, while utilising fewer and fewer people especially teenagers (Stevenson). Traditionally young people with little working experience have filled unskilled jobs and due to technical and organisational changes in the workforce these positions have disappeared. There have been substantial declines in the construction, manufacturing and transport industries over the last decade. The total proportion of the workforce employed in the three industry divisions has declined from 28. 7 per cent to 24. 8 per cent in the ten years (Stevenson). Despite initiatives by government to tackle the problem, youth unemployment has remained at a high level. The teenage labour market has been in long term decline since 1965 when teenage unemployment stood at 2. 6 per cent. By 1975 teenage unemployment has risen almost fivefold to 12. 9 per cent, and, although volatile, it has risen ever since(Stevenson, Brian). Given the differences young people have they still face common barriers – lack of experience, disparity between their skills and the demands of labour markets and insufficient information and advice. Youth experience business barriers because they usually have less access to resources and credit. It can also be typical to experience some level of discrimination in regard to age, sex, ethnicity, race, culture, health, family status and other factors (Global Employment Trends BRIEF, 2006). Difficulties such as this can make it take a lot longer for young people to find employment. It is not unusual for those entering the workforce for the first time to expect a delay. However, if an extended period of unemployment occurs it can have serious consequences for young people including a loss in production and an increase in poverty. It is easy to become discouraged and frustrated leading to the young person giving up in their search for employment. Others continue in the education system for longer than they intended. Therefore, giving young people a chance to achieve decent employment early in their working life would help avoid a vicious circle of unemployment or underemployment, poor working conditions and social exclusion (Morris, Elizabeth 2003). In a weak labour market where jobs are scarce and competition among job seekers is savage it is difficult for anyone to cope with job loss. For disadvantaged youth without basic education, failure to find a first job or keep it for long can have negative long-term consequences on their career prospects that some experts refer to as â€Å"scarring†. Looking past the negative effects on future wages and employability, long spells of unemployment for the young person can often create permanent scars through the harmful effects on a number of other outcomes, including happiness, job satisfaction and health, many years later (ACCI Leading Australian Business, 2010). Precarious Work Young people are continually finding, employment is precarious and may not provide an income sufficient to cover basic necessities. Even if young people are employed, they often find themselves in low-paying temporary jobs with not many protections. Demands for a flexible workforce and the increased use of casual, part-time and temporary employment contracts have heightened the sense of insecurity and risk. More and more young people are working in an informal economy, where they earn low wages and are often experience poor or even exploitative working conditions. The increased use of short-term contracts is another indicator of deteriorating conditions in the youth labour market, as young workers are more likely than older workers to receive and accept this type of offer (World Labour Report, 2000). High levels of youth unemployment are always a source of concern because of the profound impact unemployment has on young people’s lives. Studies of young people show that unemployment leads to a reduction in self-esteem and diminished levels of well-being. Youth unemployment turns problematic when it becomes long-term and when it leaves young people without the means to provide for their basic needs. Around the world, the boundaries between the formal and informal economy are becoming increasingly blurred, and much of the economic activity of young people is taking place in the intermediary zone. The informalisation of work is a global phenonomen, with an increasing number of new jobs being created in the informal economy. The proliferation of informal sector employment is problematic in that these jobs tend to be characterised by lower wages and productivity as well as unsafe working conditions. The forms of precarity seem to be ever expanding, as employers constantly uncover new ways to circumvent regulations or find loopholes in regulations to increase the profitability of their business at the expense of their employees. In the most general sense, precarious work is a means for employers to shift risks and responsibilities on to workers. It is work performed in the formal and informal economy and is characterised by variable levels and degrees of objective (legal status) and subjective (feeling) characteristics of uncertainty and insecurity. Although a precarious job can have many faces, it is usually defined by uncertainty as to the duration of employment, multiple possible employers or a disguised or ambiguous employment relationship, a lack of access to social protection and benefits usually associated with employment, low pay, and substantial legal and practical obstacles to joining a trade union and bargaining collectively. The result is a condition in which workers cannot plan for their future, and lack the security of certain forms of social protection. Precarious work is also characterised by insufficient or even a total absence of trade union rights. Precarious work has a deep impact on individuals and societies. Over the past years, economic crises and turbulences on the financial markets have lead to wide spread anxiety among workers. Increasing rates of unemployment and precarious work arrangements deteriorate the quality of working and living conditions. The normalisation of precarious work is already showing its deeply damaging impacts on society at large. In general, it leaves workers and communities in unstable and insecure situations, disrupting their life planning options. More concretely, precarious workers are found to suffer a higher rate of occupational safety and health issues. Precarious work deprives people of the stability required to take long-term decisions and plans in their lives. Unemployment and precarious jobs have left a young generation hard pressed to see a bright future. The risk of losing financial independence and having to rely on lower social welfare payouts can lead to further social exclusion. It is not surprising therefore that youth are also more likely to fear losing their jobs. Characteristics of precarious work such as anxiety and income and employment insecurity limit long-term planning especially among the young. Young workers very often accept bad working conditions and salaries on a subsistence level. Many of them do not even have working contracts, placing them beyond the reach of social security systems. Consequently the population under 25 runs the risk of falling into poverty and social exclusion. At the same time, according to the flexibility ideology, they need to ensure their â€Å"employability† and have to constantly develop new skills. It is obvious in this context that privileges of the young from ‘higher classes’ lead to the fortification of the class divide. Hardest hit by social exclusion are the young people from the lower classes. Unemployment and material hardship in the family make insecurity part of their everyday life. For low skilled workers†McJobs† without training lead to an inevitable dead end. The lack of prospects, apathy, and resignation become normal. The precarious nature of the employment relationship itself can cause precarious workers to experience poor emotional and mental health. It creates conditions of deprivation and a lack of social cohesion that often lead to social unrest and resentment. Society needs to create a pathway to a world where decent work is no longer a goal, but a reality. Conclusion In conclusion, the causes of youth unemployment can be analysed at different levels, but it is certain that globalisation and technological advances have had a profound impact on labour markets throughout the world; and young people, as new workers, have faced a number of challenges and difficulties associated with these developments. However, it must be remembered that access to productive and decent work is the best way young people can realise their aspirations, improve their living conditions and actively participate in society. Decent work for young people means not only significant benefits in terms of increased wealth, but is also commonly associated with a commitment to democracy, security and political stability. Decent work can thus strengthen both the economy and wider civil society.